Python selenium очистить кэш
Suggested Articles
If you enjoyed this article, then you might also enjoy these related ones.
If all you’re interested in is the end-result, take a look at the finished utility in Intoli’s article code repository. The rest of the article will describe what this utility actually does. The technique is quite similar to the one used to clear the Chrome browser cache, also published on our blog, so head on over there if you prefer using Chrome with Selenium.
Update: These instructions have been updated to work with Firefox 61, released on June 26, 2018. The cache clearing process is quite similar for older versions of Firefox, and the slightly different cache clearing script written for Firefox 57 is still available in our article materials repository.
Our script first needs to click the “Clear Data…” button which is highlighted in red in the screenshot below.
This will open an in-page dialog listing the types of data to be cleared. Since both “Cookies and Site Data” and Cached Web Content” are preselected in this dialog, all our script has to do here is to click the “Clear” button.
Три хромированных практичных параметра
Can any one suggest me a way to click on the CLEAR DATA button in chrome. I have written the below code but the code is not working.
Configuration :
Chrome Version: Version 65.0.3325.181 (Official Build) (64-bit)
Selenium Version: 3.11.0
Две команды хромированной адресной строки
About: version-Показать текущую версию
about: memory - отображение использования памяти локальным браузером.
about: plugins - показать установленные плагины
about: histograms-show history
about: dns-Показать статус DNS
about: cache-Показать кешированную страницу
about: gpu - есть ли аппаратное ускорение
about: flags-open some plug-ins // После использования выскакивает что-то вроде этого: «Будьте осторожны, эти эксперименты могут быть рискованными». Интересно, не испортит ли это мою конфигурацию!
chrome: // extensions / -Просмотр установленных расширений
Writing the Cache Clearing Script
Now that we know what needs to be done, let’s examine the page in detail and figure out how to execute each step. The Preferences page is coded in Mozilla’s XML-based XUL interface-building language. Fortunately, XUL is similar enough to HTML that both Selenium and JavaScript can interact with elements on the page. I’ll first show you the completed script, and then talk through it piece by piece:
Clicking a button in Selenium is pretty easy. In the script above, I use the get_clear_site_data_button() function to find the button on the page, wait for it to become available with wait.until() , and then click it with .click() . Using a dedicated function like this is convenient because it allows us to ensure that the target element is available before attempting to interact with it.
in the development tools’ console, and seeing that it results in null .
This happens because the modal dialog is nested inside an iframe -like XUL browser element. The fact that it’s not actually an iframe seems to prevent Selenium from interacting with it properly, but fortunately we can get to the button pretty easily from JavaScript. Although we could stuff more of the script into JavaScript, separating the steps lets use waits consistently, and can help diagnose at which point the script fails if the interface changes in the future.
Then, navigate to the nested document (similarly to how it’d be done for an iframe ), and click the button by evaluating the following bit of JavaScript with driver.execute_script() .
Finally, we dismiss the alert using standard Selenimum utilties for the task.
Installing Selenium and geckodriver
To run this script, you need to have Selenium v3.14.0 or above installed, as well as the appropriate version of geckodriver. You can install geckodriver by downloading the binaries from their releases page, or if your’re on Linux, using your distribution’s package manager.
To install Selenium, you can just use pip . I like to work in a virtualenv, which you can create and activate with
Install Selenium with pip install selenium in the virtualenv. If you’re working globably and have Selenium installed, you can upgrade it with pip install -U --user selenium .
First, place the completed script from the last section into a file, say clear_cache.py . Then, create a script named evaluate-clear-cache.py with the following contents.
You can then run the script with
A Selenium-driven Firefox window will pop up, and you should be able to see that there are no cached resources from the interface.
As a side note, note that it’s possible to completely turn off caching from the get-go by providing Selenium with a customized Firefox profile. You can get the list of relevant preferences by browsing about:config in the version of Firefox you intend to use. Then, you can manually construct a profile with the desired customizations.
Конфигурация драйвера браузера Selenium, составленная великим богом
Sticky 22 августа 2018 г. 10:50:43Хана Ода Число для чтения: 707 Метки:Python3 Selenium Chrome Убрать
Официальная документация Selenium
Suggested Articles
If you enjoyed this article, then you might also enjoy these related ones.
Гугл Хром
Один, конфигурация, связанная с chromeOptions
chromeOptions - это класс, который настраивает свойства запуска Chrome. С помощью этого класса мы можем настроить следующие параметры для chrome (эту часть можно увидеть в исходном коде селена):
1. Задайте расположение двоичного файла Chrome (binary_location)
2. Добавьте параметры запуска (add_argument)
3. Добавьте приложение расширения (add_extension, add_encoded_extension)
4. Добавьте экспериментальные параметры настройки (add_experimental_option)
5. Задайте адрес отладчика (debugger_address)
Анализ исходного кода:
1. Имитация мобильных устройств.
2 запретить загрузку изображений
3. Добавить прокси
4. Установите расширение crx при запуске браузера.
5. Загрузите все конфигурации Chrome.
В адресной строке Chrome введите chrome: // version /, проверьте «путь к профилю», а затем вызовите этот файл конфигурации при запуске браузера. Код выглядит следующим образом:
6. Хранить файлы cookie
Сохраняйте постоянный вход в систему между сеансами, используя параметр Chromeuser-data-dir
12 Answers 12
You are using here
Here is workaround to your problem. you can achieve the same using either one of the following.
This is something I need, but I already use ChromeOptions (disable-infobars) so is there a way to use both ChromeOptions AND DesiredCapabilities or is there a way to disable cache through a ChromeOptions argument? @DebanjanB I'm tagging you too because you might also be able to answer this for me.
@BillHileman I suppose you are looking to configure DesiredCapabilities and then use merge() from MutableCapabilities to merge within ChromeOptions which you can find an example in Option B of this discussion
YEAR 2020 Solution (using Selenium 4 alpha):
Using the devtools
Chrome supports DevTools Protocol commands like Network.clearBrowserCache (documentation). Selenium does not have an interface for this proprietary protocol by default.
You can add support by expanding Selenium's commands:
This is how you use it:
Note: this example is for Selenium for Python, but it's also possible in Selenium for other platforms in a similar way by expanding the commands.
Don´t forget the send keys.
For Selenium Basic, below code is functional.
There is another way to click on Clear data button by traversing through shadow tree. If you are trying to locate clear data button by simply searching web element by locator strategy, it won't work due to Chrome browser version upgrade. You need to traverse through shadow tree. You can try below code to click on "Clear data" in advance tab:
In this article, I will share 5 simple tips that will help you to improve automation of your web scraping bot or crawler that you wrote using python selenium. But, first let me briefly introduce you with python’s selenium module in case, if you are not familiar with it:
It is actually a python binding for the API of Selenium Web Drivers. For example, you will be able to conveniently access the API of Selenium Web drivers like Firefox, Chrome, PhantomJS, etc. Using this module, you can use web driver API to simulate all sorts of actions that you can perform on a typical Web Browser! i.e. click on buttons of websites, scroll and navigate through pages, type something in input boxes, submit forms, use proxies, even execute custom Javascripts on pages and many more! All these stuff using just a python script! Pretty cool! right?
Now, let's jump straight to the first tip:
As we are talking about, automated scripts these scripts will run hundreds or thousands of times. So, every second (perhaps, milliseconds?) count. Most of the modern dynamic websites have lots of images. When a page loads, selenium loads all the elements in it including those images!
Hence, even though we don’t interact much with those images when we are testing website functionalities. Selenium still loads them! The good thing is there are ways to load pages without loading images in selenium! I will show the codes for phantomjs webdriver & chromedriver below:
PhantomJS Web Driver Load Web Page without Images
Chrome Web Driver Load Pages without Images:
Caching the assets often leads to faster page loads. In a modern web browser, disk caching reduces page loading time impressively. You can take advantage of this on selenium web driver as well!. All you have to do is set the configuration before the initialization of the web driver. This basically stores all the website's assets like CSS, js in the disk storage for faster loading. Helpful, when you load multiple pages of the same website
Note: Obviously, when automating your tests, you can’t (and shouldn’t) cache the assets that have effects on the data you want to test! For example, if you are testing a dynamic website where the data is loaded using assets say javascript then, disk cache might even make your tests obsolete!
Chrome Web Driver Load Pages using Disk Cache:
PhantomJS Web Driver Load Web Page with Disk Cache
When interacting with page elements especially clicking on buttons, if the element you are looking for is not visible in the viewport. Selenium raises an exception notifying that element is not visible. I prefer Javascript for scrolling the element into view and, then wait for a bit using time.sleep() so that the scroll effect goes off. And, then trigger the click… simple!
Let's say, you are trying to select an option from a select element with a huge number of options say 20+. In this case, you can’t select the item in an ordinary way. You will have to first locate the select element using the driver. Then, find all the options. Filter through each of them to find the appropriate option you are looking for. After that, make it visible and click on it! Fortunately, selenium has a class called ‘Select’ which will help you to do the above task in a lot easier way! Take a look at the following script. Its pretty self explanatory but, if you have any questions about it feel free to comment!
It is important to properly close the driver after finishing the automation especially if you run your scripts periodically! When you invoke your python automation script to do things for you, it uses additional resources/processes for the selenium web drivers. After the python script finishes execution it doesn’t release those additional resources if you don’t tell it to do so! One way to do it is to use driver.close().
But, driver.close() doesn’t always stop the web driver that’s running in the background. And, if you are doing things using multiple tabs of the selenium web browser then it closes only the current one! Leading others open.
You can use driver.quit() instead, as it closes all the tabs of the selenium web browser. The Selenium Web driver instance is also gets killed after this!
Additionally, I usually append an os.system(‘killall phantomjs’) command or, os.system(‘killall chrome’) in the code when I am only running a single task in my computer. Just a little hack to make sure all the resources are freed up.
Warning: It might not be a good thing to do if you are running multiple scripts at once! Or say, surfing the Internet using Google Chrome on the same computer. The Command- killall chrome will definitely kill your browser as well!
I will wrap it up by saying one last thing:
Always minimize the number of requests you make to the Web Server. Try to reduce it as much as possible
That is all for this moment! I hope these tips will help you to automate your web testing or, write more efficient web crawlers from now on.
I would love to hear from you! please, feel free to comment on your feedback, or share your preferred way to do the above things and, don’t forget to clap for it.
;)
EDIT: Phantom JS is deprecated now! So, use chromedriver or gecko driver instead!
If you are looking for python selenium alternatives, you might want to check these modules:
Thinker, Day Dreamer, Python Enthusiast, Javascript Admirer Introvert
P.S. I have switched from medium to my personal blog. Visit my blog to get the latest posts! You can also suggest the topic of your choice by contacting me, I will try my best to write about it. :)
The functionality to clear the cache directly is unfortunately not built into the WebDriver specification. Luckily, if you get a bit creative then you can accomplish the same thing by using Selenium to interact with Chrome’s setting interface. If you navigate to chrome://settings/clearBrowserData in a Chrome browser then you’ll see something that looks like this.
You can navigate to this same page with Selenium by executing driver.get('chrome://settings/clearBrowserData') . Then it’s just a matter of clicking the “CLEAR BROWSER DATA” button to actually clear the cache. We can right click on the button and then click on “Inspect” to open the Chrome Developer Tools. This will highlight the button element and allow us to find its id.
We can see that the button’s id is clearBrowsingDataConfirm . Your first thought might be that you can call driver.find_element_by_id('clearBrowsingDataConfirm').click() here to find the DOM element and click it. Unfortunately, this won’t work because the Chrome settings page uses Polymer and WebComponents. While these things are great for development, they can be a little bit of a headache when dealing with Selenium because of the shadow roots.
This clear_cache(driver) method will clear the browsing data in the same way that a user would. If you execute it, by using
for example, then you can the UI update as the cache is cleared.
Anyway, if you found this from Google then I hope you found it helpful! It’s relatively straight forward once you see how it’s done, but I could find any information out there on how to accomplish it. If you’re struggling with other technical issues, please keep in mind that we’re available for consulting!
Читайте также: