I p converter что это
I to P converter (From Emerson) is also called as “current to pressure” converter or I/P Transducer or Electro-pneumatic Converter which converts an electronic signal (analog output), typically from a control system such as PLC or DCS, to a pneumatic signal used to control a valve. This signal from the control system is typically analog signals in the range of 4mA to 20mA loop. These signals are not compatible with control valves outfitted with pneumatic actuators. Since to operate a control valve, a controlled air supply is provided to actuator via ‘converter’ which receives standard analog output (4 to 20)mA command from controller and convert proportionally in to standard pressure usually between (3 to 15)PSIG, which in turn proportionally controls the opening or closing of a valve.
IP Converter Working Principle
I/P Converters operate on a similar principle as proportional valves in that they provide adjustable flow volumes and control functions. In converting electric current into pneumatic output, I/P converters also eliminate a need for an external power supply to control the pneumatic operated components. In doing so, I/P converters increase machine efficiency and control.
The function of I/P converters relates to the concept of an electromagnetic force balance principle, i.e., the process of converting electric current into force and then pressure. Simply, for I/P converters to work, electromagnetic effects are exploited to build current which force transducers for mechanical actuation. This action converts electrical current (typically 4 to 20 mA) into pneumatic pressure output (3 to 15 psi) that, in turn, proportionally controls the opening or closing of a valve according to the force balance principle.
As I/P converters operate, they deliver proportional downstream flow of pressure related to the rate of electrical current that is received into the transducer’s electrical circuit. In web tension control systems, I/P converters serve as an important connecting interface between the controller and pneumatic brakes and clutches.
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интерфейсный преобразователь
Совокупность технических и программных средств, обеспечивающих взаимодействие одной или нескольких разнотипных абонентских систем обработки данных между собой и вычислительной сетью.
[ГОСТ 24402-88]
IP Converters in Web Tension Control
Web tension control is employed to measure and adjust tension in a moving web of materials. Paper, film, foil, plastic, wire, cable and textile are all examples of materials transported via a web. Tension control is also required for the winding of products onto rolls for printing, extruding, slitting, coating, or laminating. The proper control of web tension then, produces higher quality products and enables greater throughput dramatically reducing defective or wasted products. Web tension control also ensures processes run at optimal speeds without sacrificing product quality.
Automated tension control processes maintain a programmable amount of stress or strain on a transporting web of material between two points within specific control zones. In automated production, the control of web tension is a seamless and continuous process that ensures consistent, desired properties, and quality.
In load cell and dancer tension control systems, I/P converter applications provide a reliable and accurate means to convert the analog signals to pneumatic output. For example, for dancer roll systems, of the various mechanisms for applying a load force to the dancer – from fixed or moving weights to springs – standard pneumatic cylinders are the most common application. I/P converters offer the best solution for remotely adjustable pneumatic pressure control.
An I/P converter operates on the electromagnetic force balance principle. They are an important component in maintaining consistent web tension control. I/P converters must not only regulate the electrical current signal from the controller and convert it into a regulated pneumatic control signal, i.e., into a proportional pneumatic output, but must also be able to do so accurately with dependability when converting signals. For web tension control, I/P converters offer the necessary high flow rate to provide the rapid response required to accurately control either the dancer or load cell tension control system.
We can construct a pressure to current converter using a Flapper- Nozzle arrangement , Bellows and a Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) circuit.
Input pressure is given to Flapper-Nozzle arrangement and the output current will come through the LVDT.
Flapper Nozzle arrangement: It is type of pressure controlling device. It controls the input pressure by the moving the Flapper away or towards the nozzle, if we need high pressure, then nozzle will be closed by the Flapper and if we need less pressure, then nozzle will be opened by moving flapper away.
Bellows:- Bellows are one type of pressure measuring devices. They are the elements which will expand as per the applied pressure. Based on the displacement we can measure the pressure.
Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT): It works on the principle of Mutual Inductance. In the LVDT three coils will be present. Primary coil is connected to a power source and secondary coils are connected in series opposition method.
At initial position, the voltage induced will be zero. If the core displaces, then due to inductance, voltage will be induced into the coils, resulting in the current.
Синонимы
87. Интерфейсный преобразователь
Совокупность технических и программных средств, обеспечивающих взаимодействие одной или нескольких разнотипных абонентских систем обработки данных между собой и вычислительной сетью
What is an I/P Converter
So, what is an I/P converter? Working on the same operating principle as a proportional valve, I/P Converters are complex circuits which allow adjustable flow volumes. An I/P Converter is also known as a “current to pressure transducer” as it provides flow/speed controls and directional control functions in a single valve.
Otherwise known as an I/P Transducer, an I/P Converter eliminates the need for any external power supply by translating electric currents into pneumatic output. By doing so, the converter maximises machine efficiency and controls pneumatic components, including valves, actuators and dampers.
I/P Converters are beneficial in circuits that require multiple speeds, allowing them to operate efficiently in applications such as machine cycles. Commonly, I/P Converters are chosen depending on the operation field and are usually available in both reverse and direct acting models.
How an I/P Converter works
Pneumatic assisted control valves often require a converter to change an electrical signal into a pneumatic one, thereby delivering an adjustable downstream flow rate. How an I/P converter works is it translates a current input signal, usually between 4-20mA, into a pneumatic output, usually between 3 – 15pisg, which in turn proportionally controls the opening or closing of a valve. Operating according to the ‘force balance principle’, the operating principle of a current to pressure transducer consists of a coil suspended in a magnetic field on a flexible mount. A flapper valve is positioned at the lower end of the coil and operates against a precision nozzle to create backpressure.
An I/P converter’s function is to deliver a proportional downstream flow of liquid or gas, based on the rate of electrical current that is received into the electrical circuit. I/P Converters are often used in natural gas applications where there is fluctuating inlet pressures, but where constant and precise downstream pressure is critical. Watson Smith I/P Converters can be supplied as safe area, intrinsically safe or triple certified ATEX for us in a variety of potentially explosive atmospheres.
MGA Controls stock I/P Converters from leading manufacturers Watson Smith. For more information on our complete range of products, please visit our online store or alternatively call our technical team today on 01704 898980 .
Тематики
конвертор интерфейсов
интерфейсный преобразователь
—
[Л.Г.Суменко. Англо-русский словарь по информационным технологиям. М.: ГП ЦНИИС, 2003.]
Principle of Operation
I/P converter operation are based on ‘force balance principle’. To understand its working principle, a block diagram of I/P converter is shown as follows-
The Main units with their function is given below-
- Electronic Circuit with solid state pressure sensor
- Magnetic Actuator
- Pilot Stage
- Booster Stage
A figure showing typical I/P converters are given below-
Input current signal received by the transducer’s electronic circuit and compared to the output pressure signal from the booster stage. A solid‐state pressure sensor is part of the electronic circuit to monitor the booster stage output pressure. The electronic circuit controls the level of current flowing through the actuator coil, located in the pilot/actuator assembly. A change to the level of coil current is made by the electronic circuit when it senses a discrepancy between the pressure measured by the sensor and the pressure required by the input signal. The actuator performs the task of converting electrical energy (current) to motion. Next the pilot stage contains one or two opposed fixed nozzles- the supply nozzle and the receiver nozzle. It also contains the deflector, which is the moving element. The supply nozzle is connected to the supply air and provides a high‐velocity air stream. The receiver nozzle captures the air stream and converts it back to pressure. The receiver nozzle pressure is the output pressure of the pilot stage. The receiver nozzle pressure controls the booster stage, which has a poppet valve design. An increase in receiver nozzle pressure, it positions the valve in the booster stage to produce an increase in the transducer output signal. And a decrease in nozzle pressure, positions the valve to allow air to exhaust i.e. decreasing the output signal. Thus we finally get an output of (3-15) PSI.
An arrangement showing how final output is generated is shown below-
In Electro-pneumatic converter, Analog output from controller is connected as (4-20) mA to its terminal and a pneumatic supply is connected which is to be controlled proportionally. As shown in figure, current output is provided to magnetize coil which move its plunger proportionally i.e. more the current produces more displacement of plunger from which a flapper nozzle system is attached. As displacement increases, back pressure to nozzle also increases which is fed to booster relay and as a result we get final pneumatic output (3 to 15) PSI proportional to applied electric signal (4 to 20) mA.
An I/P converter is a current-to-pressure transducer utilized in industrial control systems. It is a small module device used in applications to translate a current analog signal (I) into a pneumatic output (P). In other words, it takes electrical signals from a DC (direct current) signal and converts those signals into proportional pneumatic pressure. I/P transducers convert electrical signals from a controller to apply pneumatic pressure to valves, dampeners, actuators, or brakes and clutches within an industrial mechanism.
Before we go into the details of an IP converter it is important to note that typically there are two types of these converters available, an IP converter and an EP converter. The IP converter most commonly receives a 4-20mA signal and converts it to a pneumatic output. The difference with an EP converter is that it receives a 0-10v signal and converts it to a pneumatic output. The IP converter works with current and the EP converter works with voltage.
Pressure to Current Converter
First Input pressure is supplied to the Flapper- Nozzle arrangement. Then it will supplied through a pipe and that pressure is given as input to the bellows. These bellows are connected to the Core of LVDT.
When pressure is applied to bellows, they will expand thus core displaces and the voltage is induced on the secondary coils of LVDT.
As voltage is induced, current will flow through the coil. That current is proportional to the input pressure applied. Thus Pressure is converted into equivalent current.
When compared with standard values we can covert 3-15 P.S.I of pressure can be converted to 4-20 mA of current
An I/P Converter offers a reliable and accurate way of converting electric signals into pneumatic pressure. Here, MGA Controls outlines the purpose of a “current to pressure” transducer and the I/P converter functions.
Тематики
Полезное
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